Window Tricks

3. How to Lock Folders in Windows 10 without Software
4. Wiring an RJ45 to the T568B Specification
5. Tools for LAN Connection
  • RJ45 Connectors (8P-8C) for LAN Wire Category 5e, 6, 6a, 7, 8
  • Network Ethernet Cable Tester
  • Wire Stripper or Cutter
  • Rj45, Rj11 Crimping Tool
  • Punch Down Tool
6. Ethernet Cable Performance
7. TN vs. IPS vs. VA: What’s the Best Display Panel Technology?
  • IPS: IPS panels have the highest color gamut. A display with IPS generally has the lowest refresh rate. A refresh rate of more than 75Hz is, in fact, unusual for this type of display. Although IPS screens are not known for their low response time, most gaming monitors with IPS have a response time of 4 milliseconds.
  • VA: A VA display is a good average between IPS and TN. Although many VA panels have a refresh rate of 60Hz, you'll also find screens with 120Hz or more on this type of screen. Screens with a VA panel have the highest response time by default, about 5 milliseconds.
  • TN: Gaming screens with a TN panel have poorer color representation than other screens. Thanks to the technology in a TN gaming monitor, these screens have the highest refresh rate in their price range. TN screens with a refresh rate of 144Hz or more are no exception. TN gaming monitors are known for their low response speed. A response time of only 1 millisecond is common with this type of screen. 
8. Different types of monitor ports
  • HDMI: Audio and video signal, best for TV to PC connections. 
  • DVI: Video only, perfect for older systems or for 144Hz at 1080p.
  • DisplayPort (DP): The best connector for an audio and video signal, and can transmit 144Hz up to 4K.
  • VGA: Old, legacy video connector. Only to be used when nothing else available.
  • USB-C: Formally known as USB Type-C.  Connects to both hosts and devices, replacing various electrical connectors including USB-B and USB-A, HDMI, DisplayPort and 3.5mm audio cables and connectors.
  • Thunderbolt: A hardware interface developed by Intel (in collaboration with Apple) that allows the connection of external peripherals and monitors to a computer.  Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort, and Thunderbolt 3 uses the USB-C connector from USB.
9. Important Specifications When Choosing a Processor
  • Brand: You have two choice here: Intel or AMD.
  • Processor type: Mobile, Desktop or Server.
  • Series: A few examples of series include but are not limited to Core 2 Duo, Core i7, Athlon 64 x2, Phenom II x4, etc.
What is the difference between series?
  1. Size (or lack) of cache
  2. Number of cores
  3. The core that is utilized
  4. Thermal Power Design (TPD)
  5. Price
  • CPU Socket Type: The cpu socket is where you will be installing your cpu. You simply need to make sure to match your motherboard socket type with your cpu socket type to ensure that they are compatible. 
  • Core: This indicates the core that the cpu is based on. More recent cores will usually bring increased performance, reduced power consumption for the same performance compared to an older core, along with new features.
  • Multi-core: Dual, Triple or Quad Core. Back a few years ago, Intel and AMD would raise the performance of their cpus by raising the frequency and would put most of their marketing emphasis on that frequency. Eventually, they both hit a speed wall, making it very difficult to go beyond a certain speed.
  • Frequency: Still the most important factor in performance for today’s cpus, the frequency represents the speed at which the processor runs, in GHz (1GHz = 1000MHz). Video games performance is very dependent on frequency, to the point where a fast dual-core processor will outperform a slower quad-core processor in most video game
  • FSB, Hyper-Transport or QPI: This is the speed at which your processor communicates with other components in your system, such as the memory for example. 
  • L2/L3 cache: Cache is really quick on-board cpu memory, much faster than RAM, that your processor use to store data that is about to be processed and/or is used often.
  • 64-bit support: Whether your processor supports 64-bit software or not.
  • Manufacturing Tech: In nm, the manufacturing size at which the processor transistors are produced. A smaller number is better, as this allows for more transistors on the same surface and reduced power consumption compared to an higher number.
  • Thermal Power Design (TPD): This is a general measurement that indicates how much power, in Watts, that your processor will consume in the worst case scenario. This is also used to have an idea of how much heat your processor will produce.
10. Difference between DDR, DDR2, DDR3 and DDR4 RAM?
PC's RAM is dual channel or not depends if it is put in the right slots. Every 2 RAM Slots colour is same (1–3)(2–4). This type of combination. You notice your 2–4 your first Chanel, and your 1– 3 is 2nd Chanel. It's called dual Chanel it's means 4 Slots are compulsory.

11. Types of Motherboards

There are three main types of form factors that are most used, ATX, MINI ATX, MICRO ATX, AND E ATX. All of these four have their own characteristics and people buy them according to their needs. 

The factors of these form factors are as follows:
  • ATX has 4 ram slots and it is one of the oldest models but still used widely. It also has 7 PCI-E slots.
  • Mini ATX has 2 ram slots, mini ATX has one pPCIe slot.
  • Micro ATX has 4 PCIe slots.
  • E ATX is the largest amongst them all, it’s more advanced and is used in server machines containing more hardware. It also has 6 RAM slots and a lot more to offer.
12. Types of Computer Hard Disk Drives
  • Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (PATA)
  • Serial ATA (SATA)
  • Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)
  • Solid State Drives (SSD)
12. Motherboard Components
  • Expansion Slots
  1.  ISA slots: These were the oldest expansion slots in the history of motherboards. They were found in AT boards and are identified by black color. Conventional display cards or sound cards were installed in these slots. The full form of ISA is Industry Standard Architecture and is a 16- bit bus.
  2. PCI Slots: The full form of PCI is Peripheral Component Interconnect. The PCI slot is one of the important motherboard components today and is vastly used to install add-on cards on the motherboard. The PCI supports 64-bit high-speed bus.
  3. PCI express: Also known as PCIe, these are the latest and the fastest component of the motherboard to support add-on cards. It supports full duplex serial bus.
  4. AGP slot: Accelerated graphics port(AGP) is specifically used to install a latest graphics card. AGP runs on a 32-bit bus and both PCIe and AGP can be used to install high-end gaming display cards.
  • RAM(memory) slots
  1. SIMM slots: The full form is a single in-line memory module. These slots were found in older motherboards, up to 486-boards. The SIMM supports 32-bit bus.
  2. DIMM slots: The full form of DIMM is a Double inline memory module. These are the latest RAM slots which run on a faster 64-bit bus. The DIMM used on Laptop boards are called SO-DIMM.
  • CPU Socket: Another vital motherboard component is the CPU socket which is used to install the processor on the motherboard. 
  • BIOS: The full form of BIOS is Basic Input Output System. It is a motherboard component in the form of a Integrated chip. This chip contains all the information and settings of the motherboard which you can modify by entering the BIOS mode from your computer.
  • CMOS Battery: The battery or a cell is a 3.0 Volts lithium type cell. The cell is responsible for storing the information in BIOS and the full form is Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-Conductor.
  • Power Connectors: In order to receive power from SMPS, there are connectors mounted on the motherboards.
  1. AT connector: It consists of 2 number of 6 pin male connectors and is found on old types of motherboards.
  2. ATX connector: The latest in the series of power connectors, they are either 20 or 24 pin female connectors. Found in all the latest types of motherboards.
  • IDE connector: The Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) connectors are used to interface disk drives. The 40-pin male connector is used to connect IDE hard disk drives and the 34-pin male connector connects to Floppy Disk Drive.
  • SATA connector: Latest in the series, the connectors, Serial Advance Technology Attachment(SATA) are 7-pin connectors to interface latest SATA hard disks or optical drives. They are much faster than IDE interface.
  • Co-Processor: The co-processor is one of the important motherboard components and helps the main processor in mathematical calculations and computer graphics.
  • Cabinet connections: The cabinet in which the motherboard is installed has many buttons that connect to the motherboard. Some of the common connectors are Power Switch, Reset Switch, Front USB, Front Audio, Power indicator(LED) and HDD LED.
  • I/O interface connectors:
14. Toshiba Laptop - Open BIOS by pressing "F12" & Boot Menu by "F2"
15. Use Hard Drive As RAM On Windows 10
  • Activate search box by clicking on it in taskbar or by pressing Win + R in the keyboard.
  • Type "control panel" into the search box and click on the Control Panel desktop app from the result.
  • Type "performance" into the search box and click on the Adjust the appearance and performance of windows from the result.
  • Click on the Advanced system settings from the left side.
  • Make sure that you stay in the Advanced tab.
  • Now, click on the Settings button under Performance area.
  • Shift to the Advanced tab.
  • Click on the Change… button in the lower right.
  • Now, you’re able to let Windows Automatically manage paging file size for all drives or type accurate value into the textboxes following Initial size and Maximum size.
  • Click on the OK button in all the opening windows to confirm.
  • Click on the Restart Now button in the prompt window to apply these changes.
16. Delete temp files in Windows
  • Press Win + R & type "%temp%" & delete all the files.
  • Press Win + R & type "temp" & delete all the files.
  • Press Win + R & type "prefetch" & delete all the files.
  • Press Win + R & type "cleanmgr" & press "OK" & "OK" to clean the temp files from disk.
17. Speed up your graphics in Windows 10
  • Activate search box by clicking on it in taskbar or by pressing Win + R in the keyboard.
  • Type "control panel" into the search box and click on the Control Panel desktop app from the result.
  • Type "performance" into the search box and click on the Adjust the appearance and performance of windows from the result.
  • In "Visual effects" tabs select the below 3 options in "Custom"
  • Click on the OK button in all the opening windows to confirm.
18. Speed Up Windows Startup with MSConfig
  • Click Start -> Run and type in msconfig.
  • Boot options using the Boot tab
  • Click on the "Advanced Options" button brings up the Boot Advanced Options dialog box.
  • Click on the Check Box of "Number of processors"
  • Select the "number of processors" from the drop-down list to "4".
  • Click on the OK button in all the opening windows to confirm.
  • Click on the Restart Now button in the prompt window to apply these changes.

Tools

1. AnyDesk
2. TeamViewer
3. NetSpeedMonitor